标题: 艾滋病AIDS小常识 [打印本页] 作者: 笑仙人 时间: 28.7.2003 12:04
AIDS is the abbreviation of ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME. It is a complicated illness that may involve several phases. It is caused by a virus that can be passed from person to person. AIDS impairs the human body’s immune system, the system responsible for keeping off disease, and leaves the victim easily affected by various infections.<br><br>The virus enters the bloodstream and destroys certain white blood cells, called T lymphocytes, which play a key role in the functioning of the immune system. The virus can also infect other types of cells in the body, including the immune-system cells known as macrophages. Unlike T lymphocytes, however, macrophages are not killed by the virus.<br><br>Most people recently infected by the AIDS virus look and feel healthy. In some people the virus may remain inactive, and these people act as carriers, remaining apparently healthy but still able to infect others. After a few years, some people may develop AIDS-related complex, or ARC. Its symptoms may include fever, fatigue, weight loss, skin rashes, a fungal infection of the mouth known as thrush, lack of resistance to infection, and swollen lymph nodes.<br><br>AIDS is spread by direct infection of the bloodstream with body fluids that contain the AIDS virus, particularly blood and semen from an HIV-infected person. The virus is usually spread through various forms of sexual intercourse, the transfusion of virus-infected blood, or the sharing of HIV-contaminated intravenous needles.<br><br>Usually, when the AIDS virus enters the bloodstream, the body’s immune system produces antibodies to battle the microorganism. Blood test can detect these antibodies and therefore can indicate exposure to the virus. However, these tests occasionally give false readings and only begin to give accurate results within two weeks to three months after infection, during which time an infected person may pass the virus to others.<br><br><br>艾滋病小常识<br><br><br>AIDS（艾滋病）是Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome（获得性免疫缺损综合症）的缩写。它是一种复杂的病，分好几个阶段，由一种通过人体密切接触而传播的病毒引起。艾滋病损伤人体抵御疾病的免疫系统，使患者易于受到各种感染。<br><br>艾滋病病毒进入血液并损坏一种在免疫系统中起着关键作用的白细胞——T淋巴细胞。这种病毒也会感染机体的其它类型的细胞，包括免疫系统中的巨噬细胞。然而，不像T淋巴细胞，巨噬细胞不会被病毒杀死。<br><br>刚感染艾滋病病毒的大多数人看上去仍然健康，而且自我也感觉身体还好。在一些人身上，这种病毒可呈非活跃状态。但这些人是病毒的携带者，他们虽然自己健康，却能把病毒传染给别人。几年之后，有些人会得与艾滋病有关的综合症（ARC），其症状包括有发烧、疲劳、体重减轻、皮疹、蛾口疮（口腔真菌感染）、缺乏对感染的抵抗力以及淋巴肿瘤。<br><br>艾滋病是通过含有艾滋病病毒的体液，尤其是HIV（人类免疫缺损病毒）感染者的血液和精液，直接感染血液而传播的。通常，艾滋病的传播途径有性交、输入感染病毒的血液和使用被HIV污染的静脉注射针头等。<br><br>通常，当艾滋病病毒进入血液时，身体的免疫系统会产生抗体来抵御这种微生物。查血可以检测这些抗体，从而表明病毒的存在。然而，检测结果有时会不准确，因为感染后2个星期到3个月才能获得准确的结果。而在此之前，病毒感染者可能会把病毒传染给别人。<br> 作者: yingz1221 时间: 28.7.2003 18:01
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